기록리더 : Lim chae won
기록리더 학교 : Seoul Samyook high school
취재 장소 : War Memorial of Korea
취재 제목 : Davinci alive
문화재 취재내용 :
(It contains only some impressive displays.)
Leonardo da vinci.
Leonardo da Vinci has been widely celebrated as a leading Renaissance painter and sculptor, but although he was also known as an engineer and a scientist, his work in these fields remained hidden for many centuries. It is only relatively that analysis of his full body of work has led us to realize the true scope of his genius – he truly was one of the greatest inventors, artists, scientists and thinkers of all time.
Leonardo was born in Anciano, near the Tuscan town of Vinci, on 15 April 1452. The illegitimate son of a notary. Ser Piero, and a peasnat woman, Caterina, he lived with his father and stepmother until the age of 14, when he was apprenticed to one of the most esteemed Florentine artists of his day: Andrea di Cione, known as Verrocchio. From 1466 to 1476 Leonardo worked closely with Verrocchio in his workshop, along with other famous painters such as Perugino and Botticelli. There was no denying his young protege’s talent, and it was a professional turning point for Leonardo. And so began Leonardo’s quest to learn everything there was to know. He was not well educated for the time: he did not learn Latin or study formally with the clergy. Instead he learned through the power of observation and experience – a skill would apply to everything he did, for the rest of his life.
A tireless observer, Leonardo was fascinated by the study of nature. He was a great student of light and shadow, riveted by the effects created by the effects created by multiple light sources upon faces and objects. This deep curiosity with nature found expenssion in every sort of artistic discipline. He was unique among his contemporaries in using his scientific observations to enrich his paintings and sculptures, which often demonstrated extraordinary precision and accuracy. Leonardo was also a military strategist, inventing the tank, the bullet and bridges of amazing ingenuity. In fact, Leonardo made remarkable contributions to every field to which he applied himself, from geology to astronomy, anatomy to cartography. He dreamed of creating the “ideal city” with a healthy environment that would rid the world of the plague. He foreshadowed the invention of the automobile, improved ball bearing and gearing systems, and sketched the mechanisms for a robot, But at a basic level, it all came back to that deep captivation with nature. All Leonardo’s inventions are founded in nature’s principles.
Leonardo’s work
– Studio per Condotti Conici – Manometro per vento o acqua
A question in Leonardo’s mind was, ‘If the intensity of wind or water remains the same, will five times as much wind or water generate five times more power?’
In this experiment device, wind or water is directed through the two funnel-shaped cones with perforations at the top. The energy source moves the rotationg propeller blades on a horizontal shaft, and an attached rope lifts the weight. If the flow of energy through the larger cone is cut off, how fat will the weight be lifted by the rotating blades? Will it be lifted five times higher if the smaller cone is blocked off in turn?
– Igrometro a Cera
This device measures the level of humidity in the atomosphere. It is a simple set of scales with, on one side, a substance like cotton wool that will absorb water, and on the other side an equal weight of a non-absorbing like wax. When the air is dry, the plumb line is vertical. Moisture in the air is absorbed by the cotton wool making it heavier than the wax. The level of humidity is indicated by the extent to which the side with the cotton wool is lower than the other side. Leonardo notes that it helps “to know the quality and thickness of air and when it is going to rain.” Today, this principle is applied in simple ‘weather houses’ and other hygrometers that use an absorbent material like cat gut or human hair.
– Ornitottero Verticale
In this design, the pilot stands errect in the middle of an enormous machine. He is required to use his arms, legs and even head to move the sliding mechanisms up and down in order to get the vessel off the ground. Leonardo was using all parts of the human body to try to maximize the energy source.
The machine is 12 metres long with a wing span of 24 metres, and there is a 12 metre retractable ladder with shock absorbers, Leonardo decided it was necessary to have two pairs of wings, beating ‘criss-cross, the way a horse moves’.
– Studio d’ Ala Battente
This is a drawing of an experiment to test whether beating wings would raise a heavy load. A 12 metre ‘wing’, a net and cane structure covered with paper, was to be attached to a plank of wood weighing as much as a man.
If the long lever could be pushed down fast enough, the wing would possibly ‘touch down’ on the air and lift the plank. If this worked, then two wings could lift a pilot and his flying machine and keep them in the air. In his noteboook, Leonardo wrote : ‘…but be save that the force is rapid and if the above effect is not obtained, waste no more time on it.’
– Anatomical studies
Leonardo da Vinci the artist sought to master the anatomy of the human body. He saw the body as a wonderful, compact machine capable of achieving a range of movement. His notebooks include many drawings showing the mechanical principle underpinning human movement.
He dissected and drew the bodies of more than thirty men and women of all ages in order to understend the beauty of human proportions and the way muscles and tendons work when a body is in motion. Because the dissection of human beings was generally forbidden, Leonardo had to work in secretive and hurried conditons.
Leonardo drew the wrinkles and deformities of old ages as well as the strengh of youth. He was the first to discover atherosclerosis, the hardening of the arteries. He also portrayed ugliness with its unpleasant and at times repulsive features. The beautiful and the ugly in his sketches and paintings were to highlight the idea that good and evil are equally a part of humanity.
His detailed anatomical drawings were an amazing achievement. Three and a half centuries later they set the style and form for the anatomical drawings in the important textbook Gray’s Anatomy.
-Renaissance art
Leonardo, along with Michelangelo, Raphael and Titian, was part of the Italian Renaisaance. He produced most of his paintings and sculptures in Florence and Milan between 1473 and 1513, but much of his work has been lost.
Leonardo undertook at least 25 paintings, but several of these survive only as copies. About 6000 pages of notes and drawings survive, but scholars believe that this is less than half and maybe as little as a quarter of the pages that existed at the time of his death.
For Leonardo there could be no art without science. He believed that the truth about the world could only be learned through careful observation and that al theories had to be tested against what could be seen and experienced in the real world.
Leonardo’s atistic work is therefore grounded in a blend of scientific observation and careful experimentation. He was fascinated by light and shadow, and the effects created by multiple light sources upon faces and objects. He was also intrigued by the effects of perspective upon distant landscape. This persistent hunger for knowledge and perfection set him apart from his peers. He continually critiqued his artistic technique and revised his paintings.
The artworks on display are reproductions and life-size recreations of Florentine oil paintings. Leonardo’s original works are considered too valuable to move from their permanent locations.
-Carro Armato
Leonardo designed a huge offensive weapon: an armoured vehicle capable of moving in any direction and bristling with cannons on all sides. One soldier sat in the turret to give directions.
To move it, eight men inside the tank turned cranks attached to trundle wheels which were in turn attached to the four large wheels.
In Leonardo’s drawing, the wheels were geared to turn in opposite directions. And who was to load and fire the cannons? The concept of an armoured covered vehicle backed up by foot soldiers came to fruition during the First World War.
-Galleggianti per l’Acqua
Leonardo thought about how soldiers could cross stretches of shallow water. he suggested that inflated skins could be strapped to the soldier’s feet. If they were large enough, they would bear a man’s weight. Floatable wooden planks might also be used.
Two poles, also with inflated bags at the ends, would help with balance, and might also be useful in pushing forward through the water.
Leonardo’s idea was impractical for water, but similar principles are used today by cross-country skiers.
느낀 점 : It was an exhibition to meet the genius of the inventor, artist, scientist, anatomist, engineer, architect, sculptor, philosopher Leonardo da Vinci.
Leonardo da Vinci, who was known extensively as a painter who painted the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper, met for the first time on display. When I saw this exhibition, I thought that the word “genius” was written for these people.
I went to see an hour or so, but I was excited to watch for three hours because of the many wonderful and amazing works.
The exhibition room was filled with elaborate replicas, so I was able to see my works as if I were actually looking at them.
What I could feel when I saw this exhibition is that Da Vinci seems to be a great genius because it is an inventor, a painter, a scientist and an artist from the present point of view.
But I think it is likely that it was thought by others as a unique painter at the time.
In modern times, it is also great to think about and write inventions, but there are few inventions actually made. In modern times, occupations become fragmented and independent, which is why it is very difficult for a person engaged in one field to engage in other areas of interest such as Da Vinci.
I think that the system that concentrates on one field is very popular until the 21st century, but I think the future world will attract more attention to the talent that fuses and interconnects various sciences like Leonardo Da Vinci.
I think this exhibition has made Da Vinci aware of the records left and his life.
Unfortunately, Da Vinci alive did not comment on his thoughts on nature.
Many inventions originate from nature, and he observes many animals, water, and fire in nature and records them in many inventions. But it seems to have been disappointing because I did not think there was any explanation for this part.
문화재를 찾아가는 교통편 :
29, Itaewon-ro, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
